Conversión de unidades de Temperatura. Ejercicios Resueltos

Conversión de unidades de Temperatura. Ejercicios Resueltos

La temperatura se define como aquella propiedad que se determina mediante la lectura del termómetro, al ponerse este en contacto con un material. La temperatura se expresa en la escala Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F) o Kelvin (°K).

Escala Celsius

La escala de temperatura Celsius se encuentra dividida en 100 grados, donde 0 °C simboliza el punto de congelación y los 100 °C, el punto de ebullición del agua a la presión atmosférica estándar. Esta escala también es llamada escala centígrado.

Escala Fahrenheit

En esta escala de temperatura el punto de congelación viene representado por 32 °F y 212 °F es el valor del punto de ebullición del agua a la presión atmosférica estándar.

Resultado de imagen para grados celsius
Termómetros en las Escalas Celsius y Fahrenheit. Imagen extraída de: ComoHacerPara.com

 

Escala Kelvin

Para la escala Kelvin o escala absoluta, el punto cero equivale a -273,16 °C.

Resultado de imagen para grados kelvin
Termómetros en las escalas Celsius y Kelvin. Imagen extraída de: http://3.bp.blogspot.com

 

Conversión de unidades de temperatura

Para la conversión de las unidades, es necesario seguir una serie de fórmulas establecidas.

Conversión de grados Celsius a grados kelvin y viceversa

De escala Celsius a escala Kelvin:

°K = °C + 273

De escala Kelvin a escala Celsius:

°C = °K – 273

Ejemplos:

  • Convertir 35 °C a K°

Como debemos determinar cuánto equivale 35 grados Celsius a Kelvin, utilizamos la siguiente fórmula:

°K = °C +273

Ahora sustituimos:

°K = 35 + 273 = 308 °K

  • Convertir 220 °K a °C

°C = °K – 273

°C = 220 – 273 = -53 °C

**NOTA** Es importante saber que la temperatura puede tener un valor negativo, ya que sería la temperatura que se encuentra bajo cero en la escala Celsius.

Conversión de grados Celsius a grados Fahrenheit y viceversa

La conversión de grados Celsius a grados Fahrenheit se obtiene mediante la siguiente fórmula:

°F = 1,8 x °C + 32

Para convertir Fahrenheit a Celsius:

Ejemplos:

  • Convertir -15 °C a °F

°F = 1,8 x °C + 32

°F = 1,8 x -15 + 32

°F = -27 + 32

°F = 5 °F

  • Convertir 460 °F a °C

Conversión de grados Kelvin a grados Fahrenheit y viceversa

 De escala Fahrenheit a escala Kelvin:

°K = 5/9 (°F – 32) + 273

De escala Kelvin a escala Fahrenheit:

°F = 9/5 (°K -273) + 32

Ejemplos:

  • Convertir 29 °F a °K

°K = 5/9 (°F – 32) + 273

°K = 5/9 (29 – 32) + 273

°K = 5/9x (-3) +273

°K =  -1,667 + 273

°K = 271,333 °K

  • Convertir 735 °K a °F

°F = 9/5 (°K -273) + 32

°F = 9/5 (735 -273) + 32

°F = 9/5 x (462) + 32

°F = 831,6+ 32

°F = 863,6 °F

 

 

 

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