Las hidrazonas son compuestos orgánicos considerados derivados de los aldehídos y cetonas por sustitución del átomo de oxígeno por el grupo funcional NH2NH2 (hidracina) o NHNH2 (alquilhidracina). La fórmula general de las hidrazonas derivadas de una cetona es R2C=NNH2. No obstante, para las hidrazonas que derivan de aldehídos, presentan la siguiente fórmula: RHC=NNH2.
NOMENCLATURA PARA LAS HIDRAZONAS
Para las hidrazonas de aldehídos
- IUPAC: Hidrazona del alcanal
- Común: Hidrazona del carboxilaldehído
Para las hidrazonas de cetonas
- IUPAC: Hidrazona de la alcanona
- Común: Hidrazona de la alquil-alquil-cetona
Para las hidrazonas derivadas de un alquilhidracina
EJERCICIOS
IUPAC: Hidrazona del heptanal
Común: Hidrazona del enantaldehído
IUPAC: Hidrazona de la 4-nonanona
Común: Hidrazona de la n-propil-n-pentil-cetona
IUPAC: Fenilhidrazona del hexanal
Común: Fenilhidrazona del caproaldehído
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